Energy

Energy is a fundamental concept in physics that represents the capacity to perform work or produce change. It exists in various forms, including kinetic (energy of motion), potential (stored energy), thermal (heat energy), electrical, chemical, nuclear, and others. Energy can be transformed from one form to another but is always conserved in a closed system, according to the law of conservation of energy. This means that the total energy within an isolated system remains constant over time, although it may change from one type to another. In practical applications, energy is essential for powering devices, driving processes, and facilitating physical and chemical interactions. The measurement of energy is expressed in units such as joules, calories, and kilowatt-hours. Overall, energy is a critical component of both natural phenomena and human activities, influencing everything from motion and heat to electricity generation and consumption.